Methodology
How the Humanoid Ledger is built, what each number measures, and what it cannot tell you. Last updated 2026-11-08.
1. 本站是什麼
一本人形機器人的公開數據帳本:核實過的規格、一條發布年表、官方影片,再加全網已分析的報導——以及由這些報導建起的三本帳(宣稱 vs 實測、評分、問題)。帳本獨立,與所列任何廠商均無隸屬關係。記帳的規矩很簡單:有出處才記,沒核實的寧可寫「未公布」,也不猜一個數字上去。
2. Seed data — verified before entry
The 12 models, 31 release events and 8 official videos were each checked against a vendor page or a trade-press report before entry (seeded 2026-11-06). Every row carries its source link. Prices are vendor-published only: target prices, estimates and unconfirmed reports live in the notes field, never in the price column. Where a figure is unpublished or unverified, the cell says Not stated rather than a guess.
3. Live coverage — sources and the relevance gate
Hacker News (Algolia API), Google News RSS (with Bing News RSS as fallback when Google rate-limits the Worker egress), tech-blog RSS (The Verge, Engadget, Wired, TechCrunch, IEEE Spectrum, The Robot Report, PCMag, Tom’s Guide, 9to5Google, Road to VR, UploadVR), YouTube search pages, and Reddit via Google News. Ingest runs hourly. An item counts for a model only when its headline names the product — vendor + model where the name alone is ambiguous (e.g. “Apollo” only counts with “Apptronik”, “Digit” only with “Agility”, “Atlas” only with “Boston Dynamics”). Items that fail the gate are counted as skipped, not silently dropped.
4. Per-article analysis
Each article is analyzed once by Workers AI (Llama 3.1 8B, max 2048 tokens, JSON only): a 1–3 paragraph summary plus structured extraction — sentiment index, comparison, usage time, recommendation index, per-aspect scores, verifiable claims, issues, and the author’s verdict. The model is instructed never to invent numbers, quotes, durations or facts not present in the evidence; undeterminable fields are null, never invented.
5. Evidence checking (what survives, what is dropped)
Two hard guards run on every analysis before it is stored. First, a compared product is kept only if its name appears in the evidence text (title + snippet + body excerpt); anything else is dropped as model invention, and the compares-with flag is recomputed from the surviving list. Second, a verdict quote is kept only if the exact quote appears in the evidence text; otherwise it is stored as null. Aspect scores are restricted to eight aspects — locomotion, dexterity, battery, payload, autonomy, safety, software, price — each scored −100 to +100 only when the article actually discusses that aspect.
6. The scoring decision — what the three retained fields are, and are not
Decision (2026-11-07): the sentiment index (0–100), the recommendation index (0–100) and the author verdict (buy / wait / skip / mixed, with the author’s own words) are retained in full, in the article cards, in the metrics pages and in the three ledgers. They are kept because they measure the source content and its author — the stance of an article, and the conclusion its author reached — not this site’s judgement of any product. This site issues no rating, no ranking, no recommendation and no prediction of its own: there is no site score anywhere on the ledger, no “best model” list, and no verdict written by us. That is the whole of the exception, and it is the only exception: the general rule for this ledger is the same as the no-scores rule — record what happened, cite the source, add no judgement of our own. The three retained fields are presented with their provenance (which article, analyzed from snippet or full text, with what confidence), with nulls counted and never filled in, so a reader can always see how thin the underlying signal is — for example, the recommendation index is not determined in 308 of 329 analyzed articles, because most coverage is news, not a buying recommendation.
7. 三本帳
宣稱 vs 實測取每篇分析裡的 key_claims;只有模型確實說出實測值時,宣稱才帶實測值列出(截至 2026-11-08,289 條宣稱中有 55 條)。其餘是廠商或來源的宣稱,按原樣記錄——只列出,不作驗證。評分彙總 sentiment_index 與 recommendation_index(分布、計數、僅對非空值取均值)以及作者結論計數。問題按 issues[] 的逐字相同聚類,再按型號分組。某型號在帳裡沒有行,就寫「無記錄」,絕不寫成 0。即時端點:/api/ledger/claims-vs-measured、/api/ledger/scores、/api/ledger/issues(均接受 ?model=<key>)。
8. Limitations — read before quoting a number
- Most analysis is snippet-based. As of 2026-11-08, 307 of 329 analyzed articles were analyzed from the title + snippet only (22 from full text). A snippet-based analysis can miss context the full article contains; analyzed_from is shown on every card.
- Hacker News is one narrow audience. HN mentions represent the English-speaking technical community only; they are not a proxy for the public, for buyers, or for non-English discussion.
- Coverage is a starting set, not the universe. The ledger tracks 12 models; our November 2026 audit identified roughly 135–145 distinct current humanoid models across trackers. Models outside the 12 are absent, not rated zero.
- News sources are rate-limited. Google News repeatedly rate-limits the Worker egress; the ingest falls back to Bing News RSS. Gaps in a day’s intake usually mean a source failed, not that nothing happened.
- Document archiving. Added 7 Nov 2026 — see §11. Vendor pages are now archived with SHA-256 dual fingerprints, a seal and a SimHash; changes are recorded from the baseline. One gap remains: the Tesla Optimus official page returns 403 to this fetcher, so it has no baseline yet.
- Price history, deployment data, safety/failure registry. Price history was added 7 Nov 2026 — see /history/ and §13 (8 dated, sourced price points; the G1 is the only model with a documented price change). Deployment counts and operating hours still appear only as notes; there is no structured recall or accident table.
- AI extraction is fallible. Claims, issues and aspect scores are model extractions from the evidence, guarded as described in §5 — but a guard can only check what is in the evidence text. Treat every extracted row as a pointer back to its source article, not as a verified fact.
9. Corrections
Errors are corrected in the open and logged here, not silently fixed.
- 2026-11-07 — Sanctuary AI Phoenix: status corrected from “research/pilot” to “legacy — pivoted to software-only (June 2026)”. The company stopped positioning the whole humanoid as its product in June 2026; the model page now says so and the June 2026 pivot is in the release timeline.
10. 歸檔——2026 年 11 月 7 日新增
Five vendor documents are archived as a baseline (Figure 03 announcement, Unitree G1 product page, Boston Dynamics Atlas product page, Agility Digit solutions page, 1X NEO order page), each with a SHA-256 fingerprint of the raw fetch and of the cleaned text, a 6-character seal and a 64-bit SimHash. The baseline is the first archived version; every later check compares the live document against it and records any change in doc_changes (currently 0 rows — 0 changes means nothing has changed since the baseline, not that nothing is watched). Live endpoint: /api/archive; page: /archive/. The Tesla Optimus official page could not be baselined: tesla.com returns 403 to this fetcher. It will be retried with a rendered fetch; until then it is listed on /archive/ as not baselined, not silently omitted.
11. 開放數據——2026 年 11 月 7 日新增
Every dataset behind this site is open JSON with no key. /data/ lists the catalogue with denominators and coverage; /api/open-data returns the same catalogue live, including a row count for every D1 table. Live endpoint: /api/open-data.
12. 二期表——持久表,2026 年 11 月 7 日回填
Four persistent tables were backfilled from the 330 analyzed articles (snapshot 7 Nov 2026, 20:10 EST) and are served live with a ?model= filter. experience_records (55 rows): every key_claim that carries a measured value, classified by metric (locomotion, dexterity, battery, payload, autonomy, safety, software, price, other) — the value is the number as stated in the article, not an independent lab measurement. review_scores (224 rows): one row per analyzed article that carries a sentiment index, a recommendation index or a verdict — metadata only (reviewer = article source, score / 100, date, URL, aspects tested), no quoted opinion text. failure_modes (93 rows): issues clustered per model by identical wording, with mention counts, first/last seen dates and up to 3 source URLs. resale_snapshots (1 row): the G1, with used_price_median NULL — no used-sold market exists for humanoid robots in any reachable public source (see §13). Live endpoints: /api/experience, /api/review-scores, /api/failure-modes, /api/resale.
13. 歷史——過去、現在與未來三段完整,仍為 0 的項及原因
帳本按歷史、現在、未來三段完整記錄,絕不以現在的 0 為起點、只等未來變化再記錄。歷史是基線,沒有基線,未來變化就沒有意義,所以每個維度都要按公開來源與已採文章所能及的範圍回填。2026 年 11 月 7 日回填結果(330 篇已分析文章,2026-11-07 20:10 EST 快照)與已核實的公開記錄:
- 宣稱:回填 289 條(55 條帶實測值,其中 6 條為上手實測)。問題:94 條。結論:224 行評分記錄,112 行帶有作者結論。價格:8 個有日期、有來源的價格點。發布:31 個事件,2019-02-19 – 2026-10-26。提及:28 個型號-月份,2026-09 – 2026-11。完整行:/api/history;頁面:/history/。
- 價格史是唯一有明確變動的維度:宇樹 G1 發布價 $16,000(2024 年 5 月)→ 2025 年 12 月 24 日前降至 $13,500,僅一次降價,以商店存檔截圖為界(2025-10-16 仍為 $16,000;2025-12-24 為 $13,500)。H1 約 $90,000 與 NEO $20,000 各有一個發布點與一個 2026-11-07 觀測點,未見變動。其餘 9 款型號沒有公布價:未公布,不是 0,也不列價格行。
- 仍為 0 的項及原因。(1)二手成交價中位價:1 行二手快照中 0 行帶中位價。人形機器人不存在二手成交市場——任何可及公開來源裡都沒有:eBay 上沒有二手 G1 的成交記錄,Swappa 上沒有任何人形型號的產品頁,也沒有已公布的成交中位價。轉售商報價存在(Maverick $17,363、RCSV $21,500),但那是全新機的要價,不是二手成交價,所以不記為中位價。下次快照時再試。(2)獨立實驗室測量:0。公開來源中沒有本站口徑的結構化獨立實驗室數據;55 條 experience_records 均為文章原話中的實測值,與實驗室測量分開記、不混用。(3)4 款型號的問題記錄為 0:Agility Digit 4、Boston Dynamics Atlas、Fourier GR-2、Unitree H1——沒有已分析文章報告其問題,不等於測得零問題。(4)4 款型號的實測宣稱為 0:Figure 03、Fourier GR-2、Sanctuary AI Phoenix、XPENG Iron——其已分析報導中的宣稱均無實測值。(5)doc_changes:0 行——基線取於 2026 年 11 月 7 日,此後尚無變化;下次核查如有變化即記入。(6)Tesla Optimus 文檔基線:0——tesla.com 對本站抓取返回 403;下次快照時以渲染抓取重試。
14. 來源
- Vendor pages and press releases (Tesla, Figure AI, Unitree, Boston Dynamics, Apptronik, Agility Robotics, 1X, Sanctuary AI, Fourier, XPENG).
- Trade press: The Verge, Engadget, Wired, TechCrunch, IEEE Spectrum, The Robot Report.
- Hacker News (Algolia API, public, no key), Google News RSS, Bing News RSS, YouTube search pages.